This file was created by the TYPO3 extension bib --- Timezone: CEST Creation date: 2024-07-03 Creation time: 18-16-44 --- Number of references 8 inproceedings 2022_kus_ensemble 2022 12 8 RWTH-2022-10809 Industrial intrusion detection promises to protect networked industrial control systems by monitoring them and raising an alarm in case of suspicious behavior. Many monolithic intrusion detection systems are proposed in literature. These detectors are often specialized and, thus, work particularly well on certain types of attacks or monitor different parts of the system, e.g., the network or the physical process. Combining multiple such systems promises to leverage their joint strengths, allowing the detection of a wider range of attacks due to their diverse specializations and reducing false positives. We study this concept's feasibility with initial results of various methods to combine detectors. rfc https://www.comsys.rwth-aachen.de/fileadmin/papers/2022/2022-kus-ensemble-poster.pdf RWTH Aachen University 38th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC '22), December 5-9, 2022, Austin, TX, USA RWTH Aachen University Austin, TX, USA 38th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC '22) December 5-9, 2022 10.18154/RWTH-2022-10809 1 DominikKus KonradWolsing JanPennekamp EricWagner MartinHenze KlausWehrle inproceedings 2022_pennekamp_cumul 2022 12 8 RWTH-2022-10811 Anonymous communication on the Internet is about hiding the relationship between communicating parties. At NDSS '16, we presented a new website fingerprinting approach, CUMUL, that utilizes novel features and a simple yet powerful algorithm to attack anonymization networks such as Tor. Based on pattern observation of data flows, this attack aims at identifying the content of encrypted and anonymized connections. Apart from the feature generation and the used classifier, we also provided a large dataset to the research community to study the attack at Internet scale. In this paper, we emphasize the impact of our artifacts by analyzing publications referring to our work with respect to the dataset, feature extraction method, and source code of the implementation. Based on this data, we draw conclusions about the impact of our artifacts on the research field and discuss their influence on related cybersecurity topics. Overall, from 393 unique citations, we discover more than 130 academic references that utilize our artifacts, 61 among them are highly influential (according to SemanticScholar), and at least 35 are from top-ranked security venues. This data underlines the significant relevance and impact of our work as well as of our artifacts in the community and beyond. https://www.comsys.rwth-aachen.de/fileadmin/papers/2022/2022-pennekamp-cumul-artifacts.pdf https://www.acsac.org/2022/program/artifacts_competition/ ACSA Cybersecurity Artifacts Competition and Impact Award at 38th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC '22), December 5-9, 2022, Austin, TX, USA Austin, TX, USA 38th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC '22) December 5-9, 2022 10.18154/RWTH-2022-10811 1 JanPennekamp MartinHenze AndreasZinnen FabianLanze KlausWehrle AndriyPanchenko inproceedings 2022_lohmoeller_sovereignty 2022 9 5 3306 51-63 Data ecosystems are the foundation of emerging data-driven business models as they (i) enable an automated exchange between their participants and (ii) provide them with access to huge and heterogeneous data sources. However, the corresponding benefits come with unforeseen risks as also sensitive information is potentially exposed. Consequently, data security is of utmost importance and, thus, a central requirement for the successful implementation of these ecosystems. Current initiatives, such as IDS and GAIA-X, hence foster sovereign participation via a federated infrastructure where participants retain local control. However, these designs place significant trust in remote infrastructure by mostly implementing organizational security measures such as certification processes prior to admission of a participant. At the same time, due to the sensitive nature of involved data, participants are incentivized to bypass security measures to maximize their own benefit: In practice, this issue significantly weakens sovereignty guarantees. In this paper, we hence claim that data ecosystems must be extended with technical means to reestablish such guarantees. To underpin our position, we analyze promising building blocks and identify three core research directions toward stronger data sovereignty, namely trusted remote policy enforcement, verifiable data tracking, and integration of resource-constrained participants. We conclude that these directions are critical to securely implement data ecosystems in data-sensitive contexts. internet-of-production https://www.comsys.rwth-aachen.de/fileadmin/papers/2022/2022-lohmoeller-deco.pdf CEUR Workshop Proceedings Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Data Ecosystems (DEco '22), co-located with the 48th International Conference on Very Large Databases (VLDB '22), September 5-9, 2022, Sydney, Australia, Sydney, Australia International Workshop on Data Ecosystems (DEco '22) September 5, 2022 1613-0073 1 JohannesLohmöller JanPennekamp RomanMatzutt KlausWehrle inproceedings 2022_dahlmanns_tlsiiot 2022 5 31 252-266 The ongoing trend to move industrial appliances from previously isolated networks to the Internet requires fundamental changes in security to uphold secure and safe operation. Consequently, to ensure end-to-end secure communication and authentication, (i) traditional industrial protocols, e.g., Modbus, are retrofitted with TLS support, and (ii) modern protocols, e.g., MQTT, are directly designed to use TLS. To understand whether these changes indeed lead to secure Industrial Internet of Things deployments, i.e., using TLS-based protocols, which are configured according to security best practices, we perform an Internet-wide security assessment of ten industrial protocols covering the complete IPv4 address space. Our results show that both, retrofitted existing protocols and newly developed secure alternatives, are barely noticeable in the wild. While we find that new protocols have a higher TLS adoption rate than traditional protocols (7.2 % vs. 0.4 %), the overall adoption of TLS is comparably low (6.5 % of hosts). Thus, most industrial deployments (934,736 hosts) are insecurely connected to the Internet. Furthermore, we identify that 42 % of hosts with TLS support (26,665 hosts) show security deficits, e.g., missing access control. Finally, we show that support in configuring systems securely, e.g., via configuration templates, is promising to strengthen security. industrial communication; network security; security configuration internet-of-production, rfc https://www.comsys.rwth-aachen.de/fileadmin/papers/2022/2022-dahlmanns-asiaccs.pdf ACM Proceedings of the 2022 ACM Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security (ASIACCS '22), May 30-June 3, 2022, Nagasaki, Japan Nagasaki, Japan ASIACCS '22 May 30-June 3, 2022 978-1-4503-9140-5/22/05 10.1145/3488932.3497762 1 MarkusDahlmanns JohannesLohmöller JanPennekamp JörnBodenhausen KlausWehrle MartinHenze inproceedings 2022_kus_iids_generalizability 2022 5 30 73-84 Anomaly-based intrusion detection promises to detect novel or unknown attacks on industrial control systems by modeling expected system behavior and raising corresponding alarms for any deviations. As manually creating these behavioral models is tedious and error-prone, research focuses on machine learning to train them automatically, achieving detection rates upwards of 99 %. However, these approaches are typically trained not only on benign traffic but also on attacks and then evaluated against the same type of attack used for training. Hence, their actual, real-world performance on unknown (not trained on) attacks remains unclear. In turn, the reported near-perfect detection rates of machine learning-based intrusion detection might create a false sense of security. To assess this situation and clarify the real potential of machine learning-based industrial intrusion detection, we develop an evaluation methodology and examine multiple approaches from literature for their performance on unknown attacks (excluded from training). Our results highlight an ineffectiveness in detecting unknown attacks, with detection rates dropping to between 3.2 % and 14.7 % for some types of attacks. Moving forward, we derive recommendations for further research on machine learning-based approaches to ensure clarity on their ability to detect unknown attacks. anomaly detection; machine learning; industrial control system internet-of-production, rfc https://www.comsys.rwth-aachen.de/fileadmin/papers/2022/2022-kus-iids-generalizability.pdf ACM Proceedings of the 8th ACM Cyber-Physical System Security Workshop (CPSS '22), co-located with the 17th ACM ASIA Conference on Computer and Communications Security (ASIACCS '22), May 30-June 3, 2022, Nagasaki, Japan 978-1-4503-9176-4/22/05 10.1145/3494107.3522773 1 DominikKus EricWagner JanPennekamp KonradWolsing Ina BereniceFink MarkusDahlmanns KlausWehrle MartinHenze inproceedings 2022_wagner_ccchain 2022 5 4 Blockchain technology promises to overcome trust and privacy concerns inherent to centralized information sharing. However, current decentralized supply chain management systems do either not meet privacy and scalability requirements or require a trustworthy consortium, which is challenging for increasingly dynamic supply chains with constantly changing participants. In this paper, we propose CCChain, a scalable and privacy-aware supply chain management system that stores all information locally to give companies complete sovereignty over who accesses their data. Still, tamper protection of all data through a permissionless blockchain enables on-demand tracking and tracing of products as well as reliable information sharing while affording the detection of data inconsistencies. Our evaluation confirms that CCChain offers superior scalability in comparison to alternatives while also enabling near real-time tracking and tracing for many, less complex products. supply chain management; blockchain; permissionless; deployment; tracing and tracking; privacy internet-of-production https://www.comsys.rwth-aachen.de/fileadmin/papers/2022/2022-wagner-ccchain.pdf IEEE Proceedings of the 2022 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC '22), May 2-5, 2022, Shanghai, China Shanghai, China May 2-5, 2022 978-1-6654-9538-7/22 10.1109/ICBC54727.2022.9805503 1 EricWagner RomanMatzutt JanPennekamp LennartBader IrakliBajelidze KlausWehrle MartinHenze inproceedings 2022_matzutt_redactchain 2022 5 3 Blockchains gained tremendous attention for their capability to provide immutable and decentralized event ledgers that can facilitate interactions between mutually distrusting parties. However, precisely this immutability and the openness of permissionless blockchains raised concerns about the consequences of illicit content being irreversibly stored on them. Related work coined the notion of redactable blockchains, which allow for removing illicit content from their history without affecting the blockchain's integrity. While honest users can safely prune identified content, current approaches either create trust issues by empowering fixed third parties to rewrite history, cannot react quickly to reported content due to using lengthy public votings, or create large per-redaction overheads. In this paper, we instead propose to outsource redactions to small and periodically exchanged juries, whose members can only jointly redact transactions using chameleon hash functions and threshold cryptography. Multiple juries are active at the same time to swiftly redact reported content. They oversee their activities via a global redaction log, which provides transparency and allows for appealing and reversing a rogue jury's decisions. Hence, our approach establishes a framework for the swift and transparent moderation of blockchain content. Our evaluation shows that our moderation scheme can be realized with feasible per-block and per-redaction overheads, i.e., the redaction capabilities do not impede the blockchain's normal operation. redactable blockchain; illicit content; chameleon hash functions; threshold cryptography mynedata; impact-digital; digital-campus https://www.comsys.rwth-aachen.de/fileadmin/papers/2022/2022-matzutt-redactchain.pdf IEEE Proceedings of the 2022 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC '22), May 2-5, 2022, Shanghai, China Shanghai, China May 2-5, 2022 978-1-6654-9538-7/22 10.1109/ICBC54727.2022.9805508 1 RomanMatzutt VincentAhlrichs JanPennekamp RomanKarwacik KlausWehrle article 2022_brauner_iop ACM Transactions on Internet of Things 2022 5 1 3 2 The Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) promises significant improvements for the manufacturing industry by facilitating the integration of manufacturing systems by Digital Twins. However, ecological and economic demands also require a cross-domain linkage of multiple scientific perspectives from material sciences, engineering, operations, business, and ergonomics, as optimization opportunities can be derived from any of these perspectives. To extend the IIoT to a true Internet of Production, two concepts are required: first, a complex, interrelated network of Digital Shadows which combine domain-specific models with data-driven AI methods; and second, the integration of a large number of research labs, engineering, and production sites as a World Wide Lab which offers controlled exchange of selected, innovation-relevant data even across company boundaries. In this article, we define the underlying Computer Science challenges implied by these novel concepts in four layers: Smart human interfaces provide access to information that has been generated by model-integrated AI. Given the large variety of manufacturing data, new data modeling techniques should enable efficient management of Digital Shadows, which is supported by an interconnected infrastructure. Based on a detailed analysis of these challenges, we derive a systematized research roadmap to make the vision of the Internet of Production a reality. Internet of Production; World Wide Lab; Digital Shadows; Industrial Internet of Things internet-of-production https://www.comsys.rwth-aachen.de/fileadmin/papers/2022/2022-brauner-digital-transformation.pdf ACM 2691-1914 10.1145/3502265 1 PhilippBrauner ManuelaDalibor MatthiasJarke IkeKunze IstvánKoren GerhardLakemeyer MartinLiebenberg JudithMichael JanPennekamp ChristophQuix BernhardRumpe Wilvan der Aalst KlausWehrle AndreasWortmann MartinaZiefle