Internet Measurements

We regularly perform large-scale Internet measurements to obtain an up-to-date picture of the current Internet development. Specifically, we are interested in the adoption and usage of (new) communication protocols. Our studies help researchers to understand and improve the performance and security of the Internet.

Measurement Methodology

Our Internet measurements either rely on scans of the entire IPv4 address space, or a part of the domain space. Every public IP address receives a handful of packets per week. Depending on the protocol we’re scanning we select a specific port. On this port we perform regular connection attempts followed by specification-compliant handshakes. For all of our studies, we consider ethical guidelines and especially never attempt to exploit security problems or change a device’s configuration. We only receive data that is easily available to anyone who connects to a particular address and port.

Research Results

Our measurements already led to a variety of publications where we and our alumnis published our and their research results. While our research originally focussed on (and still comprises) the core of the Internet and the Web, we recently extended our research towards Internet-reachable industrial deployments. Here is an excerpt of our publications based on our Internet measurements (see below).

Future Research

We regularly offer student theses in the area of Internet measurements. If you have interest in a thesis have a look at our available thesis topics and contact Constantin Sander or Markus Dahlmanns.

History

Our measurement infrastructure was originally set up by alumni researchers. Torsten Zimmermann, Jan Rüth, Jens Hiller, and Oliver Hohlfeld started analyzing the Internet in 2015 under the brand of netray.io Internet Observatory.

Publications

Unconsidered Installations: Discovering IoT Deployments in the IPv6 Internet. Proceedings of the 2024 IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS ‘24), May 6 - May 10, 2024, Seoul, Korea. May 2024.
Does It Spin? On the Adoption and Use of QUIC’s Spin Bit. Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference (IMC ‘23), Montreal, Canada. October 2023.
ECN with QUIC: Challenges in the Wild. Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference (IMC ‘23), Montreal, Canada. October 2023.
Secrets Revealed in Container Images: An Internet-wide Study on Occurrence and Impact. Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security (ASIACCS ‘23), Jul 10 - Jul 14, 2023, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. July 2023.
Missed Opportunities: Measuring the Untapped TLS Support in the Industrial Internet of Things. Proceedings of the 2022 ACM Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security (ASIACCS ‘22), May 30 - Jun 3, 2022, Nagasaki, Japan. May 2022.
Sharding and HTTP/2 Connection Reuse Revisited: Why Are There Still Redundant Connections?. Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference (IMC ‘21), Virtual Event. November 2021.
Easing the Conscience with OPC UA: An Internet-Wide Study on Insecure Deployments. Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference (IMC ‘20), Oct 27 - Oct 29, 2020, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. October 2020.
Tracking the deployment of TLS 1.3 on the Web: A story of experimentation and centralization. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communications Review (CCR), vol. 50, no. 3. July 2020.
MUST, SHOULD, DON'T CARE: TCP Conformance in the Wild. Proceedings of the Passive and Active Measurement Conference (PAM ‘20), Eugene, Oregon, USA. March 2020.
Hidden Treasures - Recycling Large-Scale Internet Measurements to Study the Internet’s Control Plane. In Proceedings of the Passive and Active Measurement Conference (PAM ‘19), Puerto Varas, Chile. March 2019.
TCP’s Initial Window – Deployment in the Wild and its Impact on Performance. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, vol. 16, no. 2. January 2019.
Digging into Browser-based Crypto Mining. Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference (IMC ‘18), Boston, US. October 2018.
Demystifying TCP Initial Window Configurations of Content Distribution Networks. In Proceedings of the Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference (TMA ‘18), Jun 26 - Jun 29, 2018, Vienna, Austria. June 2018.
A First Look at Certification Authority Authorization (CAA). ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communications Review (CCR), vol. 48. April 2018.
Large-Scale Scanning of TCP’s Initial Window. In Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference (IMC ‘17), London, UK. November 2017.
How HTTP/2 Pushes the Web: An Empirical Study of HTTP/2 Server Push. Proceedings of the 16th International IFIP Networking Conference (NETWORKING'17), Jun 12 - Jun 16, 2017, Stockholm, Sweden. June 2017.